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third state [Global Index]


ARTICLE-2: Use of terms     [go to this ARTICLE]
... (h) “'third State”' means a State not a party to the treaty; ...


ARTICLE-34: General rule regarding third States     [go to this ARTICLE]
... General rule regarding third States ...
... A treaty does not create either obligations or rights for a third State without its consent. ...


ARTICLE-35: Treaties providing for obligations for third States     [go to this ARTICLE]
... Treaties providing for obligations for third States ...
... An obligation arises for a third State from a provision of a treaty if the parties to the treaty intend the provision to be the means of establishing the obligation and the third State expressly accepts that obligation in writing. ...
... An obligation arises for a third State from a provision of a treaty if the parties to the treaty intend the provision to be the means of establishing the obligation and the third State expressly accepts that obligation in writing. ...


ARTICLE-36: Treaties providing for rights for third States     [go to this ARTICLE]
... Treaties providing for rights for third States ...
... 1. A right arises for a third State from a provision of a treaty if the parties to the treaty intend the provision to accord that right either to the third State, or to a group of States to which it belongs, or to all States, and the third State assents thereto. Its assent shall be presumed so long as the contrary is not indicated, unless the treaty otherwise provides. ...
... 1. A right arises for a third State from a provision of a treaty if the parties to the treaty intend the provision to accord that right either to the third State, or to a group of States to which it belongs, or to all States, and the third State assents thereto. Its assent shall be presumed so long as the contrary is not indicated, unless the treaty otherwise provides. ...
... 1. A right arises for a third State from a provision of a treaty if the parties to the treaty intend the provision to accord that right either to the third State, or to a group of States to which it belongs, or to all States, and the third State assents thereto. Its assent shall be presumed so long as the contrary is not indicated, unless the treaty otherwise provides. ...


ARTICLE-37: Revocation or modification of obligations or rights of third States     [go to this ARTICLE]
... Revocation or modification of obligations or rights of third States ...
... 1. When an obligation has arisen for a third State in conformity with article 35, the obligation may be revoked or modified only with the consent of the parties to the treaty and of the third State, unless it is established that they had otherwise agreed. ...
... 1. When an obligation has arisen for a third State in conformity with article 35, the obligation may be revoked or modified only with the consent of the parties to the treaty and of the third State, unless it is established that they had otherwise agreed. ...
... 2. When a right has arisen for a third State in conformity with article 36, the right may not be revoked or modified by the parties if it is established that the right was intended not to be revocable or subject to modification without the consent of the third State. ...
... 2. When a right has arisen for a third State in conformity with article 36, the right may not be revoked or modified by the parties if it is established that the right was intended not to be revocable or subject to modification without the consent of the third State. ...


ARTICLE-38: Rules in a treaty becoming binding on third States through international custom     [go to this ARTICLE]
... Rules in a treaty becoming binding on third States through international custom ...
... Nothing in articles 34 to 37 precludes a rule set forth in a treaty from becoming binding upon a third State as a customary rule of international law, recognized as such. ...