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Having in mind the principles of international
law embodied in the Charter of the United Nations, such as the principles of
the equal rights and self-determination of peoples, of the sovereign equality
and independence of all States, of non-interference in the domestic affairs
of States, of the prohibition of the threat or use of force and of universal
respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all,
...
ARTICLE-2: Use of terms [go to this ARTICLE]
... (f) “'contracting State”' means a State which has
consented to be bound by the treaty, whether or not
the treaty has entered into force; ...
... (g) “'party”' means a State which has consented
to be bound by the treaty and for which the treaty
is in force; ...
ARTICLE-3: International agreements not within the scope
of the present Convention [go to this ARTICLE]
... (a) the legal force of such agreements; ...
ARTICLE-4: Non-retroactivity of the present Convention [go to this ARTICLE]
... Without prejudice to the application of any rules
set forth in the present Convention to which treaties
would be subject under international law independently
of the Convention, the Convention applies only to treaties which
are concluded by States after the entry into force of the present Convention
with regard to such States. ...
ARTICLE-18: Obligation not to defeat the object and purpose
of a treaty prior to its entry into force [go to this ARTICLE]
... (b) it has expressed its consent to be bound by the treaty,
pending the entry into force of the treaty and provided
that such entry into force is not unduly delayed. ...
... (b) it has expressed its consent to be bound by the treaty,
pending the entry into force of the treaty and provided
that such entry into force is not unduly delayed. ...
ARTICLE-20: Acceptance of and objection to reservations [go to this ARTICLE]
... (a) acceptance by another contracting State of a reservation
constitutes the reserving State a party to the treaty
in relation to that other State if or when the treaty
is in force for those States; ...
... (b) an objection by another contracting State to a reservation
does not preclude the entry into force of the treaty
as between the objecting and reserving States unless
a contrary intention is definitely expressed by the
objecting State; ...
ARTICLE-21: Legal effects of reservations and of objections
to reservations [go to this ARTICLE]
...
3. When a State objecting to a reservation has not opposed
the entry into force of the treaty between itself and
the reserving State, the provisions to which the reservation
relates do not apply as between the two States to the
extent of the reservation. ...
ARTICLE-24: Entry into force [go to this ARTICLE]
... Entry into force ...
... 1. A treaty enters into force in such manner and
upon such date as it may provide or as the negotiating
States may agree.
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2. Failing any such provision or agreement, a treaty
enters into force as soon as consent to be bound by the
treaty has been established for all the negotiating States.
...
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3. When the consent of a State to be bound by a treaty
is established on a date after the treaty has come into
force, the treaty enters into force for that State on
that date, unless the treaty otherwise provides.
...
...
3. When the consent of a State to be bound by a treaty
is established on a date after the treaty has come into
force, the treaty enters into force for that State on
that date, unless the treaty otherwise provides.
...
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4. The provisions of a treaty regulating the authentication
of its text, the establishment of the consent of States
to be bound by the treaty, the manner or date of its
entry into force, reservations, the functions of the depositary
and other matters arising necessarily before the entry into force
of the treaty apply from the time of the adoption of its text. ...
...
4. The provisions of a treaty regulating the authentication
of its text, the establishment of the consent of States
to be bound by the treaty, the manner or date of its
entry into force, reservations, the functions of the depositary
and other matters arising necessarily before the entry into force
of the treaty apply from the time of the adoption of its text. ...
ARTICLE-25: Provisional application [go to this ARTICLE]
ARTICLE-26: Pacta sunt servanda [go to this ARTICLE]
... Every treaty in force is binding upon the parties
to it and must be performed by them in good faith. ...
ARTICLE-28: Non-retroactivity of treaties [go to this ARTICLE]
... Unless a different intention appears from the
treaty or is otherwise established, its provisions do
not bind a party in relation to any act or fact which
took place or any situation which ceased to exist before the date
of the entry into force of the treaty with respect to that party. ...
ARTICLE-40: Amendment of multilateral treaties [go to this ARTICLE]
...
5. Any State which becomes a party to the treaty after
the entry into force of the amending agreement shall,
failing an expression of a different intention by that
State: ...
ARTICLE-42: Validity and continuance in force of treaties [go to this ARTICLE]
ARTICLE-45: Loss of a right to invoke a ground for invalidating,
terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty [go to this ARTICLE]
... (a) it shall have expressly agreed that the treaty is valid
or remains in force or continues in operation, as the
case may be; or ...
... (b) it must by reason of its conduct be considered as having
acquiesced in the validity of the treaty or in its
maintenance in force or in operation, as the case may
be. ...
ARTICLE-52: Coercion of a State by the threat or use of force [go to this ARTICLE]
... A treaty is void if its conclusion has been procured
by the threat or use of force in violation of the principles
of international law embodied in the Charter of the United
Nations. ...
ARTICLE-55: Reduction of the parties to a multilateral treaty
below the number necessary for its entry into force [go to this ARTICLE]
... Reduction of the parties to a multilateral treaty
below the number necessary for its entry into force ...
... Unless the treaty otherwise provides, a multilateral
treaty does not terminate by reason only of the fact
that the number of the parties falls below the number
necessary for its entry into force. ...
ARTICLE-65: Procedure to be followed with respect to invalidity, termination, withdrawal
from or suspension of the operation of a treaty [go to this ARTICLE]
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4. Nothing in the foregoing paragraphs shall affect the
rights or obligations of the parties under any provisions
in force binding the parties with regard to the settlement
of disputes.
...
ARTICLE-69: Consequences of the invalidity of a treaty [go to this ARTICLE]
... 1. A treaty the invalidity of which is established
under the present Convention is void. The provisions
of a void treaty have no legal force.
...
ARTICLE-76: Depositaries of treaties [go to this ARTICLE]
...
2. The functions of the depositary of a treaty are international
in character and the depositary is under an obligation
to act impartially in their performance. In particular,
the fact that a treaty has not entered into force between
certain of the parties or that a difference has appeared between
a State and a depositary with regard to the performance of the latter's
functions shall not affect that obligation. ...
ARTICLE-77: Functions of depositaries [go to this ARTICLE]
... (f) informing the States entitled to become parties to the
treaty when the number of signatures or of instruments
of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession
required for the entry into force of the treaty has
been received or deposited; ...
ARTICLE-80: Registration and publication of treaties [go to this ARTICLE]
... 1. Treaties shall, after their entry into force,
be transmitted to the Secretariat of the United Nations
for registration or filing and recording, as the case
may be, and for publication.
...
ARTICLE-84: Entry into force [go to this ARTICLE]
... Entry into force ...
... 1. The present Convention shall enter into force
on the thirtieth day following the date of deposit of
the thirty-fifth instrument of ratification or accession.
...
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2. For each State ratifying or acceding to the Convention
after the deposit of the thirty-fifth instrument of ratification
or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on
the thirtieth day after deposit by such State of its
instrument of ratification or accession. ...