[contents] Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

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Contents

PREAMBLE

PART-I: INTRODUCTION

ARTICLE-1: Scope of the present Convention

ARTICLE-2: Use of terms

ARTICLE-3: International agreements not within the scope of the present Convention

ARTICLE-4: Non-retroactivity of the present Convention

ARTICLE-5: Treaties constituting international organizations and treaties adopted within an international organization

PART-II: CONCLUSION AND ENTRY INTO FORCE OF TREATIES

SECTION-1: CONCLUSION OF TREATIES

ARTICLE-6: Capacity of States to conclude treaties

ARTICLE-7: Full powers

ARTICLE-8: Subsequent confirmation of an act performed without authorization

ARTICLE-9: Adoption of the text

ARTICLE-10: Authentication of the text

ARTICLE-11: Means of expressing consent to be bound by a treaty

ARTICLE-12: Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by signature

ARTICLE-13: Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by an exchange of instruments constituting a treaty

ARTICLE-14: Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by ratification, acceptance or approval

ARTICLE-15: Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by accession

ARTICLE-16: Exchange or deposit of instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession

ARTICLE-17: Consent to be bound by part of a treaty and choice of differing provisions

ARTICLE-18: Obligation not to defeat the object and purpose of a treaty prior to its entry into force

SECTION-2: RESERVATIONS

ARTICLE-19: Formulation of reservations

ARTICLE-20: Acceptance of and objection to reservations

ARTICLE-21: Legal effects of reservations and of objections to reservations

ARTICLE-22: Withdrawal of reservations and of objections to reservations

ARTICLE-23: Procedure regarding reservations

SECTION-3: ENTRY INTO FORCE AND PROVISIONAL APPLICATION OF TREATIES

ARTICLE-24: Entry into force

ARTICLE-25: Provisional application

PART-III: OBSERVANCE, APPLICATION AND INTERPRETATION OF TREATIES

SECTION-1: OBSERVANCE OF TREATIES

ARTICLE-26: Pacta sunt servanda

ARTICLE-27: Internal law and observance of treaties

SECTION-2: APPLICATION OF TREATIES

ARTICLE-28: Non-retroactivity of treaties

ARTICLE-29: Territorial scope of treaties

ARTICLE-30: Application of successive treaties relating to the same subject-matter

SECTION-3: INTERPRETATION OF TREATIES

ARTICLE-31: General rule of interpretation

ARTICLE-32: Supplementary means of interpretation

ARTICLE-33: Interpretation of treaties authenticated in two or more languages

SECTION-4: TREATIES AND THIRD STATES

ARTICLE-34: General rule regarding third States

ARTICLE-35: Treaties providing for obligations for third States

ARTICLE-36: Treaties providing for rights for third States

ARTICLE-37: Revocation or modification of obligations or rights of third States

ARTICLE-38: Rules in a treaty becoming binding on third States through international custom

PART-IV: AMENDMENT AND MODIFICATION OF TREATIES

ARTICLE-39: General rule regarding the amendment of treaties

ARTICLE-40: Amendment of multilateral treaties

ARTICLE-41: Agreements to modify multilateral treaties between certain of the parties only

PART-V: INVALIDITY, TERMINATION AND SUSPENSION OF THE OPERATION OF TREATIES

SECTION-1: GENERAL PROVISIONS

ARTICLE-42: Validity and continuance in force of treaties

ARTICLE-43: Obligations imposed by international law independently of a treaty

ARTICLE-44: Separability of treaty provisions

ARTICLE-45: Loss of a right to invoke a ground for invalidating, terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty

SECTION-2: INVALIDITY OF TREATIES

ARTICLE-46: Provisions of internal law regarding competence to conclude treaties

ARTICLE-47: Specific restrictions on authority to express the consent of a State

ARTICLE-48: Error

ARTICLE-49: Fraud

ARTICLE-50: Corruption of a representative of a State

ARTICLE-51: Coercion of a representative of a State

ARTICLE-52: Coercion of a State by the threat or use of force

ARTICLE-53: Treaties conflicting with a peremptory norm of general international law (jus cogens)

SECTION-3: TERMINATION AND SUSPENSION OF THE OPERATION OF TREATIES

ARTICLE-54: Termination of or withdrawal from a treaty under its provisions or by consent of the parties

ARTICLE-55: Reduction of the parties to a multilateral treaty below the number necessary for its entry into force

ARTICLE-56: Denunciation of or withdrawal from a treaty containing no provision regarding termination, denunciation or withdrawal

ARTICLE-57: Suspension of the operation of a treaty under its provisions or by consent of the parties

ARTICLE-58: Suspension of the operation of a multilateral treaty by agreement between certain of the parties only

ARTICLE-59: Termination or suspension of the operation of a treaty implied by conclusion of a later treaty

ARTICLE-60: Termination or suspension of the operation of a treaty as a consequence of its breach

ARTICLE-61: Supervening impossibility of performance

ARTICLE-62: Fundamental change of circumstances

ARTICLE-63: Severance of diplomatic or consular relations

ARTICLE-64: Emergence of a new peremptory norm of general international law (jus cogens)

SECTION-4: PROCEDURE

ARTICLE-65: Procedure to be followed with respect to invalidity, termination, withdrawal from or suspension of the operation of a treaty

ARTICLE-66: Procedures for judicial settlement, arbitration and conciliation

ARTICLE-67: Instruments for declaring invalid, terminating, withdrawing from or suspending the operation of a treaty

ARTICLE-68: Revocation of notifications and instruments provided for in articles 65 and 67

SECTION-5: CONSEQUENCES OF THE INVALIDITY, TERMINATION OR SUSPENSION OF THE OPERATION OF A TREATY

ARTICLE-69: Consequences of the invalidity of a treaty

ARTICLE-70: Consequences of the termination of a treaty

ARTICLE-71: Consequences of the invalidity of a treaty which conflict with a peremptory norm of general international law

ARTICLE-72: Consequences of the suspension of the operation of a treaty

PART-VI: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

ARTICLE-73: Cases of State succession, State responsibility and outbreak of hostilities

ARTICLE-74: Diplomatic and consular relations and the conclusion of treaties

ARTICLE-75: Case of an aggressor State

PART-VII: DEPOSITARIES, NOTIFICATIONS, CORRECTIONS AND REGISTRATION

ARTICLE-76: Depositaries of treaties

ARTICLE-77: Functions of depositaries

ARTICLE-78: Notifications and communications

ARTICLE-79: Correction of errors in texts or in certified copies of treaties

ARTICLE-80: Registration and publication of treaties

PART-VIII: FINAL PROVISIONS

ARTICLE-81: Signature

ARTICLE-82: Ratification

ARTICLE-83: Accession

ARTICLE-84: Entry into force

ARTICLE-85: Authentic texts