 |
Law-ref.org | Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies |
Site search
Sister sites
agreement [Global Index]
... The States Parties to this Agreement, ...
... Recalling the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the
Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, the
Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects
Launched into Outer Space, the Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by
Space Objects, and the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space, ...
... 1. The provisions of this Agreement relating to the moon shall also apply to other
celestial bodies within the solar system, other than the earth, except in so far as
specific legal norms enter into force with respect to any of these celestial bodies. ...
... 2. For the purposes of this Agreement reference to the moon shall include orbits around
or other trajectories to or around it. ...
... 3. This Agreement does not apply to extraterrestrial materials which reach the surface
of the earth by natural means. ...
... 2. States Parties shall be guided by the principle of co-operation and mutual
assistance in all their activities concerning the exploration and use of the moon.
International co-operation in pursuance of this Agreement should be as wide as possible
and may take place on a multilateral basis, on a bilateral basis or through international
intergovernmental organizations. ...
... 3. In carrying out activities under this Agreement, States Parties shall promptly
inform the Secretary-General, as well as the public and the international scientific
community, of any phenomena they discover in outer space, including the moon, which could
endanger human life or health, as well as of any indication of organic life. ...
... 2. In carrying out scientific investigations and in furtherance of the provisions of
this Agreement, the States Parties shall have the right to collect on and remove from the
moon samples of its mineral and other substances. Such samples shall remain at the
disposal of those States Parties which caused them to be collected and may be used by them
for scientific purposes. States Parties shall have regard to the desirability of making a
portion of such samples available to other interested States Parties and the international
scientific community for scientific investigation. States Parties may in the course of
scientific investigations also use mineral and other substances of the moon in quantities
appropriate for the support of their missions. ...
... 1. States Parties may pursue their activities in the exploration and use of the moon
anywhere on or below its surface, subject to the provisions of this Agreement. ...
... 3. Activities of States Parties in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article
shall not interfere with the activities of other States Parties on the moon. Where such
interference may occur, the States Parties concerned shall undertake consultations in
accordance with article 15, paragraphs 2 and 3, of this Agreement. ...
... 2. Stations shall be installed in such a manner that they do not impede the free access
to all areas of the moon of personnel, vehicles and equipment of other States Parties
conducting activities on the moon in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement or
of article I of the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the
Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies. ...
... 1. States Parties shall adopt all practicable measures to safeguard the life and health
of persons on the moon. For this purpose they shall regard any person on the moon as an
astronaut within the meaning of article V of the Treaty on Principles Governing the
Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and
Other Celestial Bodies and as part of the personnel of a spacecraft within the meaning of
the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of
Objects Launched into Outer Space. ...
... 1. The moon and its natural resources are the common heritage of mankind, which finds
its expression in the provisions of this Agreement, in particular in paragraph 5 of this
article. ...
... 4. States Parties have the right to exploration and use of the moon without
discrimination of any kind, on the basis of equality and in accordance with international
law and the terms of this Agreement. ...
... 5. States Parties to this Agreement hereby undertake to establish an international
r‚gime, including appropriate procedures, to govern the exploitation of the natural
resources of the moon as such exploitation is about to become feasible. This provision
shall be implemented in accordance with article 18 of this Agreement. ...
... 5. States Parties to this Agreement hereby undertake to establish an international
r‚gime, including appropriate procedures, to govern the exploitation of the natural
resources of the moon as such exploitation is about to become feasible. This provision
shall be implemented in accordance with article 18 of this Agreement. ...
... 8. All the activities with respect to the natural resources of the moon shall be
carried out in a manner compatible with the purposes specified in paragraph 7 of this
article and the provisions of article 6, paragraph 2, of this Agreement. ...
... 2. Vehicles, installations and equipment or their component parts found in places other
than their intended location shall be dealt with in accordance with article 5 of the
Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects
Launched into Outer Space. ...
... 1. States Parties to this Agreement shall bear international responsibility for
national activities on the moon, whether such activities are carried on by governmental
agencies or by non- governmental entities, and for assuring that national activities are
carried out in conformity with the provisions set forth in this Agreement. States Parties
shall ensure that non-governmental entities under their jurisdiction shall engage in
activities on the moon only under the authority and continuing supervision of the
appropriate State Party. ...
... 1. States Parties to this Agreement shall bear international responsibility for
national activities on the moon, whether such activities are carried on by governmental
agencies or by non- governmental entities, and for assuring that national activities are
carried out in conformity with the provisions set forth in this Agreement. States Parties
shall ensure that non-governmental entities under their jurisdiction shall engage in
activities on the moon only under the authority and continuing supervision of the
appropriate State Party. ...
... 2. States Parties recognize that detailed arrangements concerning liability for damage
caused on the moon, in addition to the provisions of the Treaty on Principles Governing
the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and
Other Celestial Bodies and the Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by
Space Objects, may become necessary as a result of more extensive activities on the moon.
Any such arrangements shall be elaborated in accordance with the procedure provided for in
article 18 of this Agreement. ...
... 1. Each State Party may assure itself that the activities of other States Parties in
the exploration and use of the moon are compatible with the provisions of this Agreement.
To this end, all space vehicles, equipment, facilities, stations and installations on the
moon shall be open to other States Parties. Such States Parties shall give reasonable
advance notice of a projected visit, in order that appropriate consultations may be held
and that maximum precautions may be taken to assure safety and to avoid interference with
normal operations in the facility to be visited. In pursuance of this article, any State
Party may act on its own behalf or with the full or partial assistance of any other State
Party or through appropriate international procedures within the framework of the United
Nations and in accordance with the Charter. ...
... 2. A State Party which has reason to believe that another State Party is not fulfilling
the obligations incumbent upon it pursuant to this Agreement or that another State Party
is interfering with the rights which the former State has under this Agreement may request
consultations with that State Party. A State Party receiving such a request shall enter
into such consultations without delay. Any other State Party which requests to do so shall
be entitled to take part in the consultations. Each State Party participating in such
consultations shall seek a mutually acceptable resolution of any controversy and shall
bear in mind the rights and interests of all States Parties. The Secretary-General of the
United Nations shall be informed of the results of the consultations and shall transmit
the information received to all States Parties concerned. ...
... 2. A State Party which has reason to believe that another State Party is not fulfilling
the obligations incumbent upon it pursuant to this Agreement or that another State Party
is interfering with the rights which the former State has under this Agreement may request
consultations with that State Party. A State Party receiving such a request shall enter
into such consultations without delay. Any other State Party which requests to do so shall
be entitled to take part in the consultations. Each State Party participating in such
consultations shall seek a mutually acceptable resolution of any controversy and shall
bear in mind the rights and interests of all States Parties. The Secretary-General of the
United Nations shall be informed of the results of the consultations and shall transmit
the information received to all States Parties concerned. ...
... With the exception of articles 17 to 21, references in this Agreement to States shall
be deemed to apply to any international intergovernmental organization which conducts
space activities if the organization declares its acceptance of the rights and obligations
provided for in this Agreement and if a majority of the States members of the organization
are States Parties to this Agreement and to the Treaty on Principles Governing the
Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and
Other Celestial Bodies. States members of any such organization which are States Parties
to this Agreement shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that the organization makes a
declaration in accordance with the foregoing. ...
... With the exception of articles 17 to 21, references in this Agreement to States shall
be deemed to apply to any international intergovernmental organization which conducts
space activities if the organization declares its acceptance of the rights and obligations
provided for in this Agreement and if a majority of the States members of the organization
are States Parties to this Agreement and to the Treaty on Principles Governing the
Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and
Other Celestial Bodies. States members of any such organization which are States Parties
to this Agreement shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that the organization makes a
declaration in accordance with the foregoing. ...
... With the exception of articles 17 to 21, references in this Agreement to States shall
be deemed to apply to any international intergovernmental organization which conducts
space activities if the organization declares its acceptance of the rights and obligations
provided for in this Agreement and if a majority of the States members of the organization
are States Parties to this Agreement and to the Treaty on Principles Governing the
Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and
Other Celestial Bodies. States members of any such organization which are States Parties
to this Agreement shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that the organization makes a
declaration in accordance with the foregoing. ...
... With the exception of articles 17 to 21, references in this Agreement to States shall
be deemed to apply to any international intergovernmental organization which conducts
space activities if the organization declares its acceptance of the rights and obligations
provided for in this Agreement and if a majority of the States members of the organization
are States Parties to this Agreement and to the Treaty on Principles Governing the
Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and
Other Celestial Bodies. States members of any such organization which are States Parties
to this Agreement shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that the organization makes a
declaration in accordance with the foregoing. ...
... Any State Party to this Agreement may propose amendments to the Agreement. Amendments
shall enter into force for each State Party to the Agreement accepting the amendments upon
their acceptance by a majority of the States Parties to the Agreement and thereafter for
each remaining State Party to the Agreement on the date of acceptance by it. ...
... Any State Party to this Agreement may propose amendments to the Agreement. Amendments
shall enter into force for each State Party to the Agreement accepting the amendments upon
their acceptance by a majority of the States Parties to the Agreement and thereafter for
each remaining State Party to the Agreement on the date of acceptance by it. ...
... Any State Party to this Agreement may propose amendments to the Agreement. Amendments
shall enter into force for each State Party to the Agreement accepting the amendments upon
their acceptance by a majority of the States Parties to the Agreement and thereafter for
each remaining State Party to the Agreement on the date of acceptance by it. ...
... Any State Party to this Agreement may propose amendments to the Agreement. Amendments
shall enter into force for each State Party to the Agreement accepting the amendments upon
their acceptance by a majority of the States Parties to the Agreement and thereafter for
each remaining State Party to the Agreement on the date of acceptance by it. ...
... Any State Party to this Agreement may propose amendments to the Agreement. Amendments
shall enter into force for each State Party to the Agreement accepting the amendments upon
their acceptance by a majority of the States Parties to the Agreement and thereafter for
each remaining State Party to the Agreement on the date of acceptance by it. ...
... Ten years after the entry into force of this Agreement, the question of the review of
the Agreement shall be included in the provisional agenda of the General Assembly of the
United Nations in order to consider, in the light of past application of the Agreement,
whether it requires revision. However, at any time after the Agreement has been in force
for five years, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as depository, shall, at the
request of one third of the States Parties to the Agreement and with the concurrence of
the majority of the States Parties, convene a conference of the States Parties to review
this Agreement. A review conference shall also consider the question of the implementation
of the provisions of article 11, paragraph 5, on the basis of the principle referred to in
paragraph 1 of that article and taking into account in particular any relevant
technological developments. ...
... Ten years after the entry into force of this Agreement, the question of the review of
the Agreement shall be included in the provisional agenda of the General Assembly of the
United Nations in order to consider, in the light of past application of the Agreement,
whether it requires revision. However, at any time after the Agreement has been in force
for five years, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as depository, shall, at the
request of one third of the States Parties to the Agreement and with the concurrence of
the majority of the States Parties, convene a conference of the States Parties to review
this Agreement. A review conference shall also consider the question of the implementation
of the provisions of article 11, paragraph 5, on the basis of the principle referred to in
paragraph 1 of that article and taking into account in particular any relevant
technological developments. ...
... Ten years after the entry into force of this Agreement, the question of the review of
the Agreement shall be included in the provisional agenda of the General Assembly of the
United Nations in order to consider, in the light of past application of the Agreement,
whether it requires revision. However, at any time after the Agreement has been in force
for five years, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as depository, shall, at the
request of one third of the States Parties to the Agreement and with the concurrence of
the majority of the States Parties, convene a conference of the States Parties to review
this Agreement. A review conference shall also consider the question of the implementation
of the provisions of article 11, paragraph 5, on the basis of the principle referred to in
paragraph 1 of that article and taking into account in particular any relevant
technological developments. ...
... Ten years after the entry into force of this Agreement, the question of the review of
the Agreement shall be included in the provisional agenda of the General Assembly of the
United Nations in order to consider, in the light of past application of the Agreement,
whether it requires revision. However, at any time after the Agreement has been in force
for five years, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as depository, shall, at the
request of one third of the States Parties to the Agreement and with the concurrence of
the majority of the States Parties, convene a conference of the States Parties to review
this Agreement. A review conference shall also consider the question of the implementation
of the provisions of article 11, paragraph 5, on the basis of the principle referred to in
paragraph 1 of that article and taking into account in particular any relevant
technological developments. ...
... Ten years after the entry into force of this Agreement, the question of the review of
the Agreement shall be included in the provisional agenda of the General Assembly of the
United Nations in order to consider, in the light of past application of the Agreement,
whether it requires revision. However, at any time after the Agreement has been in force
for five years, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as depository, shall, at the
request of one third of the States Parties to the Agreement and with the concurrence of
the majority of the States Parties, convene a conference of the States Parties to review
this Agreement. A review conference shall also consider the question of the implementation
of the provisions of article 11, paragraph 5, on the basis of the principle referred to in
paragraph 1 of that article and taking into account in particular any relevant
technological developments. ...
... Ten years after the entry into force of this Agreement, the question of the review of
the Agreement shall be included in the provisional agenda of the General Assembly of the
United Nations in order to consider, in the light of past application of the Agreement,
whether it requires revision. However, at any time after the Agreement has been in force
for five years, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as depository, shall, at the
request of one third of the States Parties to the Agreement and with the concurrence of
the majority of the States Parties, convene a conference of the States Parties to review
this Agreement. A review conference shall also consider the question of the implementation
of the provisions of article 11, paragraph 5, on the basis of the principle referred to in
paragraph 1 of that article and taking into account in particular any relevant
technological developments. ...
... 1. This Agreement shall be open for signature by all States at United Nations
Headquarters in New York. ...
... 2. This Agreement shall be subject to ratification by signatory States. Any State which
does not sign this Agreement before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of
this article may accede to it at any time. Instruments of ratification or accession shall
be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. ...
... 2. This Agreement shall be subject to ratification by signatory States. Any State which
does not sign this Agreement before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of
this article may accede to it at any time. Instruments of ratification or accession shall
be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. ...
... 3. This Agreement shall enter into force on the thirtieth day following the date of
deposit of the fifth instrument of ratification. ...
... 4. For each State depositing its instrument of ratification or accession after the
entry into force of this Agreement, it shall enter into force on the thirtieth day
following the date of deposit of any such instrument. ...
... 5. The Secretary-General shall promptly inform all signatory and acceding States of the
date of each signature, the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification or
accession to this Agreement, the date of its entry into force and other notices. ...
... Any State Party to this Agreement may give notice of its withdrawal from the Agreement
one year after its entry into force by written notification to the Secretary-General of
the United Nations. Such withdrawal shall take effect one year from the date of receipt of
this notification. ...
... Any State Party to this Agreement may give notice of its withdrawal from the Agreement
one year after its entry into force by written notification to the Secretary-General of
the United Nations. Such withdrawal shall take effect one year from the date of receipt of
this notification. ...
... The original of this Agreement, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian
and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of
the United Nations, who shall send certified copies thereof to all signatory and acceding
States. ...
... IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto by their respective
Governments, have signed this Agreement, opened for signature at New York on 18 December
1979. ...