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Law-ref.org | Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe - Final Act - Helsinki 1975 |
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PAGE: Economic and commercial information [go to this PAGE]
... will support a study, in the framework of the United Nations
Economic Commission for Europe, of the possibilities of creating
a multilateral system of notification of laws and regulations
concerning foreign trade and changes therein; ...
PAGE: 2. Industrial co-operation and projects of common interest Industrial co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... consider it desirable that proposals for industrial co-
operation projects should be sufficiently specific and should
contain the necessary economic and technical data, in particular
preliminary estimates of the cost of the project information on
the form of co-operation envisaged, and market possibilities, to
enable potential partners to proceed with initial studies and to
arrive at decisions in the shortest possible time; ...
PAGE: 4. Science and technology [go to this PAGE]
... Considering that in developing such co-operation, it is
important to promote the sharing of information and experience,
facilitating the study and transfer of scientific and
technological achievements, as well as the access to such
achievements on a mutually advantageous basis and in fields of
co-operation agreed between interested parties, ...
PAGE: Fields of co-operation Agriculture Energy New technologies, rational use of resources Transport technology Physics Chemistry
Meteorology and hydrology Oceanography Seismological research Research on glaciology, permafrost and problems of life under
conditions of cold Computer, communication and information technologies Space research Medicine and public health Environmental
research [go to this PAGE]
... Study of problems in high energy physics and plasma physics;
research in the field of theoretical and experimental nuclear
physics; ...
... Study and forecasting of earthquakes and associated
geological changes; development and research of technology of
seism-resisting constructions; ...
... Development of computers as well as of telecommunications
and information systems; technology associated with computers and
telecommunications, including their use for management systems,
for production processes, for automation, for the study of
economic problems, in scientific research and for the collection,
processing and dissemination of information; ...
... Space exploration and the study of the earth's natural
resources and the natural environment by remote sensing in
particular with the assistance of satellites and rocket-probes; ...
... Research on cardiovascular, tumour and virus diseases,
molecular biology, neurophysiology; development and testing of
new drugs; study of contemporary problems of pediatrics,
gerontology and the organization and techniques of medical
services; ...
PAGE: Forms and methods of co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... in the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, study
of possibilities for expanding multilateral co-operation, taking
into account models for projects and research used in various
international organizations; and for sponsoring conferences,
symposia, and study and working groups such as those which would
bring together younger scientists and technologists with eminent
specialists in their field;
...
... in the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, study
of possibilities for expanding multilateral co-operation, taking
into account models for projects and research used in various
international organizations; and for sponsoring conferences,
symposia, and study and working groups such as those which would
bring together younger scientists and technologists with eminent
specialists in their field;
...
PAGE: Aims of co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... to study, with a view to their solution, those environmental
problems which, by their nature, are of a multilateral,
bilateral, regional or sub-regional dimension; as well as to
encourage the development of an interdisciplinary approach to
environmental problems;
...
PAGE: Fields of co-operation Control of air pollution Water pollution control and fresh water utilization Protection of the marine
environment Land utilization and soils Nature conservation and nature reserves Improvement of environmental conditions in
areas of human settlement Fundamental research, monitoring, forecasting and assessment of environmental changes Legal and
administrative measures [go to this PAGE]
... Study of changes in climate, landscapes and ecological
balances under the impact of both natural factors and human
activities; forecasting of possible genetic changes in flora and
fauna as a result of environmental pollution; harmonization of
statistical data, development of scientific concepts and systems
of monitoring networks, standardized methods of observation,
measurement and assessment of changes in the biosphere;
assessment of the effects of environmental pollution levels and
degradation of the environment upon human health; study and
development of criteria and standards for various environmental
pollutants and regulation regarding production and use of various
products; ...
... Study of changes in climate, landscapes and ecological
balances under the impact of both natural factors and human
activities; forecasting of possible genetic changes in flora and
fauna as a result of environmental pollution; harmonization of
statistical data, development of scientific concepts and systems
of monitoring networks, standardized methods of observation,
measurement and assessment of changes in the biosphere;
assessment of the effects of environmental pollution levels and
degradation of the environment upon human health; study and
development of criteria and standards for various environmental
pollutants and regulation regarding production and use of various
products; ...
PAGE: Forms and methods of co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... joint preparation and implementation of programmes and
projects for the study and solution of various problems of
environmental protection;
...
... to advocate that within the framework of the United Nations
Economic Commission for Europe a study be carried out of
procedures and relevant experience relating to the activities of
Governments in developing the capabilities of their countries to
predict adequately environmental consequences of economic
activities and technological development.
...
PAGE: 6. Co-operation in other areas Development of transport [go to this PAGE]
... declare themselves in favour, with due respect for their
rights and international commitments, of the elimination of
disparities arising from the legal provisions applied to traffic
on inland waterways which are subject to international
conventions and, in particular, of the disparity in the
application of those provisions; and to this end invite the
member States of the Central Commission for the Navigation of the
Rhine, of the Danube Commission and of other bodies to develop
the work and studies now being carried out, in particular within
the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe; ...
PAGE: Promotion of tourism [go to this PAGE]
... encouraging the exchange of information, including relevant
laws and regulations, studies, data and documentation relating to
tourism, and by improving statistics with a view to facilitating
their comparability;
...
... consider it desirable to carry out in the appropriate
international framework, and with the co-operation of the
relevant national bodies, detailed studies on tourism, in
particular: ...
... a comparative study on the status and activities of travel
agencies as well as on ways and means of achieving better co-
operation among them;
...
... a study of the problems raised by the seasonal concentration
of vacations, with the ultimate objective of encouraging tourism
outside peak periods;
...
PAGE: (f) Meetings among Young People [go to this PAGE]
... study by their youth organizations of the question of
possible agreements relating to frameworks of multilateral youth
co-operation;
...
... agreements or regular programmes relating to the
organization of exchanges of students, of international youth
seminars, of courses of professional training and foreign
language study;
...
PAGE: Exchanges and Dissemination [go to this PAGE]
... encouraging a study of the impact which the foreseeable
development, and a possible harmonization among interested
parties, of the technical means used for the dissemination of
culture might have on the development of cultural co-operation
and exchanges, while keeping in view the preservation of the
diversity and originality, of their respective cultures;
...
PAGE: Access [go to this PAGE]
... carrying out joint studies on ways of further promoting
translations and their dissemination;
...
... to encourage a joint study by interested bodies, where
appropriate with the assistance of the competent international
organizations, of the expediency and the conditions for the
establishment of a repertory of their recorded television
programmes of a cultural nature, as well as of the means of
viewing them rapidly in order to facilitate their selection and
possible acquisition.
...
PAGE: Contacts and Co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... encourage, where necessary through appropriate arrangements,
exchanges of trainee and specialists and the granting of
scholarships for basic and advanced training in various fields of
culture such as the arts and architecture, museums and libraries,
literary studies and translation, and contribute to the creation
of favourable conditions of reception in their respective
institutions;
...
... continue to encourage the organization of international
meetings among creative artists, especially young creative
artists, on current questions of artistic and literary creation
which are of interest for joint study;
...
... study other possibilities for developing exchanges and co-
operation among persons active in the field of culture, with a
view to a better mutual knowledge of the cultural fife of the
participating States.
...
PAGE: Fields and Forms of Co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... joint studies regarding cultural policies, in particular in
their social aspects, and as they relate to planning, town-
planning, educational and environmental policies, and the
cultural aspects of tourism;
...
... the preparation, translation and publication of articles,
studies and monographs, as well as of low-cost books and of
artistic and literary collections, suited to making better
known respective cultural achievements, envisaging for this
purpose meetings among experts and representatives of
publishing houses;
...
... a joint study with a view to the improvement and possible
harmonization of the different systems used to inventory
and catalogue the historical monuments and places of
cultural interest in their countries;
...
... the study of the possibilities for organizing
international courses for the training of specialists in
different disciplines relating to restoration.
...
PAGE: (b) Access and Exchanges [go to this PAGE]
... increasing the exchange of information on facilities for
study and courses open to foreign participants, as well as on the
conditions under which they will be admitted and received;
...
... facilitating travel between the participating States by
scholars, teachers and students for purposes of study, teaching
and research as well as for improving knowledge of each other's
educational, cultural and scientific achievements;
...
... encouraging the award of scholarships for study, teaching
and research in their countries to scholars, teachers and
students of other participating States;
...
... promoting the efficient implementation of such arrangements
and programmes by providing scholars, teachers and students in
good time with more detailed information about their placing in
universities and institutes and the programmes envisaged for
them; by granting them the opportunity to use relevant scholarly,
scientific and open archival materials; and by facilitating their
travel within the receiving State for the purpose of study or
research as well as in the form of vacation tours on the basis of
the usual procedures;
...
... promoting a more exact assessment of the problems of
comparison and equivalence of academic degrees and diplomas by
fostering the exchange of information on the organization,
duration and content of studies, the comparison of methods of
assessing levels of knowledge, and academic qualifications, and,
where feasible, arriving at the mutual recognition of academic
degrees and diplomas either through governmental agreements,
where necessary, or direct arrangements between universities and
other institutions of higher learning and research;
...
PAGE: (c) Science [go to this PAGE]
... medicine, in particular basic research into cancer and
cardiovascular diseases, studies on the diseases endemic in the
developing countries, as well as medico-social research with
special emphasis on occupational diseases, the rehabilitation of
the handicapped and the care of mothers, children and the
elderly;
...
... the humanities and social sciences, such as history,
geography, philosophy, psychology, pedagogical research,
linguistics, sociology, the legal, political and economic
sciences; comparative studies on social, socio-economic and
cultural phenomena which are of common interest to the
participating States, especially the problems of human
environment and urban development; and scientific studies on the
methods of conserving and restoring monuments and works of art.
...
... the humanities and social sciences, such as history,
geography, philosophy, psychology, pedagogical research,
linguistics, sociology, the legal, political and economic
sciences; comparative studies on social, socio-economic and
cultural phenomena which are of common interest to the
participating States, especially the problems of human
environment and urban development; and scientific studies on the
methods of conserving and restoring monuments and works of art.
...
PAGE: (d) Foreign Languages and Civilizations [go to this PAGE]
... To encourage the study of foreign languages and
civilizations as an important means of expanding communication
among peoples for their better acquaintance with the culture of
each country, as well as for the strengthening of international
co-operation; to this end to stimulate, within their competence,
the further development and improvement of foreign language
teaching and the diversification of choice of languages taught at
various levels, paying due attention to less widely-spread or
studied languages, and in particular: ...
... to intensify co-operation aimed at improving the teaching of
foreign languages through exchanges of information and experience
concerning the development and application of effective modem
teaching methods and technical aids, adapted to the needs of
different categories of students, including methods of
accelerated teaching; and to consider the possibility of
conducting, on a bilateral or multilateral basis, studies of new
methods of foreign language teaching;
...
... to encourage co-operation between institutions concerned, on
a bilateral or multilateral basis, aimed at exploiting more fully
the resources of modem educational technology in language
teaching, for example through comparative studies by their
specialists and, where agreed, through exchanges or transfers of
audio-visual materials, of materials used for preparing
textbooks, as well as of information about new types of technical
equipment used for teaching languages;
...
... to promote the wider spread of foreign language study among
the different types of secondary education establishments and
greater possibilities of choice between an increased number of
European languages; and in this context to consider, wherever
appropriate, the possibilities for developing the recruitment and
training of teachers as well as the organization of the student
groups required;
...
... to favour, in higher education, a wider choice in the
languages offered to language students and greater opportunities
for other students to study various foreign languages; also to
facilitate, where desirable, the organization of courses in
languages and civilizations, on the basis of special arrangements
as necessary to be given by foreign lecturers, particularly from
European countries having less widely-spread or studied
languages;
...
... to promote, within the framework of adult education, the
further development of specialized programmes, adapted to various
needs and interests, for teaching foreign languages to their own
inhabitants and the languages of host countries to interested
adults from other countries; in this context to encourage
interested institutions to co-operate, for example, in the
elaboration of programmes for teaching by radio and television
and by accelerated methods, and also, where desirable, in the
definition of study objectives for such programmes, with a view
to arriving at comparable levels of language proficiency;
...
... to encourage the association, where appropriate, of the
teaching of foreign languages with the study of the corresponding
civilizations and also to make further efforts to stimulate
interest in the study of foreign languages, including relevant
out-of-class activities.
...
... to encourage the association, where appropriate, of the
teaching of foreign languages with the study of the corresponding
civilizations and also to make further efforts to stimulate
interest in the study of foreign languages, including relevant
out-of-class activities.
...
PAGE: (e) Teaching Methods [go to this PAGE]
... further developing various forms of contacts and co-
operation in the different fields of pedagogical science, for
example through comparative or joint studies carried out by
interested institutions or through exchanges of information on
the results of teaching experiments;
...