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Law-ref.org | Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe - Final Act - Helsinki 1975 |
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PAGE: IX. Co-operation among States [go to this PAGE]
... They confirm that governments, institutions, organizations
and persons have a relevant and positive role to play in
contributing toward the achievement of these aims of their
co-operation. ...
PAGE: 4. Science and technology [go to this PAGE]
... Considering that it is for the potential partners, i.e. the
competent organizations, institutions, enterprises, scientists
and technologists of the participating States to determine the
opportunities for mutually beneficial co-operation and to develop
its details, ...
PAGE: Forms and methods of co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... exchange and circulation of books, periodicals and other
scientific and technological publications and papers among
interested organizations, scientific and technological
institutions, enterprises and scientists and technologists, as
well as participation in international programmes for the
abstracting and indexing of publications;
...
... joint preparation and implementation of programmes and
projects of mutual interest on the basis of consultation and
agreement among all parties concerned, including, where possible
and appropriate, exchanges of experience and research results,
and correlation of research programmes, between scientific and
technological research institutions and organizations;
...
PAGE: Training of personnel [go to this PAGE]
... declare themselves willing to encourage co-operation in this
field notably by promoting exchange of information on the subject
of institutions, programmes and methods of training and advanced
training open to professional staff and technicians in the
various sectors of economic activity and especially in those of
management, public planning, agriculture and commercial and
banking techniques; ...
PAGE: 1. Human Contacts [go to this PAGE]
... Make it their aim to facilitate freer movement and contacts,
individually and collectively, whether privately or officially,
among persons, institutions and organizations of the
participating States, and to contribute to the solution of the
humanitarian problems that arise in that connexion, ...
PAGE: (d) Travel for Personal or Professional Reasons [go to this PAGE]
... They confirm that religious faiths, institutions and
organizations, practising within the constitutional framework of
the participating States, and their representatives can, in the
field of their activities, have contacts and meetings among
themselves and exchange information. ...
PAGE: (h) Expansion of Contacts [go to this PAGE]
... By way of further developing contacts among governmental
institutions and non-governmental organizations and associations,
including women's organizations, the participating States will
facilitate the convening of meetings as well as travel by
delegations, groups and individuals. ...
PAGE: (c) Improvement of Working Conditions for Journalists [go to this PAGE]
... increase the opportunities for journalists of the
participating States to communicate personally with their
sources, including organizations and official institutions;
...
PAGE: Extension of Relations [go to this PAGE]
... concluding, where appropriate, agreements on a bilateral or
multilateral basis, providing for the extension of relations
among competent State institutions and non-governmental
organizations in the field of culture, as well as among people
engaged in cultural activities, taking into account the need both
for flexibility and the fullest possible use of existing
agreements, and bearing in mind that agreements and also other
arrangements constitute important means of developing cultural
co-operation and exchanges;
...
... contributing to the development of direct communication and
co-operation among relevant State institutions and non-
governmental organizations, including, where necessary, such
communication and co-operation carried out on the basis of
special agreements and arrangements;
...
PAGE: Mutual Knowledge [go to this PAGE]
... to promote the systematic exchange, between the institutions
concerned and publishing houses, of catalogues of available books
as well as of pre-publication material which will include, as far
as possible, all forthcoming publications; and also to promote
the exchange of material between firms publishing encyclopaedias,
with a view to improving the presentation of each country;
...
PAGE: Access [go to this PAGE]
... facilitating, while taking full account of the international
copyright conventions to which they are party, international
contacts and communications between authors and publishing
houses as well as other cultural institutions, with a view
to a more complete mutual access to cultural achievements;
...
... facilitating the exchange between publishers and
interested institutions of lists of books which might be
translated;
...
PAGE: Contacts and Co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... encourage, where necessary through appropriate arrangements,
exchanges of trainee and specialists and the granting of
scholarships for basic and advanced training in various fields of
culture such as the arts and architecture, museums and libraries,
literary studies and translation, and contribute to the creation
of favourable conditions of reception in their respective
institutions;
...
PAGE: Fields and Forms of Co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... the implementation of joint projects for conserving,
restoring and showing to advantage works of art, historical
and archaeological monuments and sites of cultural interest,
with the help, in appropriate cases, of international
organizations of a governmental or non-governmental
character as well as of private institutions - competent and
active in these fields - envisaging for this purpose:
- periodic meetings of experts of the interested parties to elaborate the necessary proposals, while bearing in mind the need to consider these questions in a wider social and economic context;
- the publication in appropriate periodicals of articles designed to make known and to compare, among the participating States, the most significant achievements and innovations;
- a joint study with a view to the improvement and possible harmonization of the different systems used to inventory and catalogue the historical monuments and places of cultural interest in their countries;
- the study of the possibilities for organizing international courses for the training of specialists in different disciplines relating to restoration.
PAGE: 4. Co-operation and Exchanges in the Field of Education [go to this PAGE]
... Prepared to facilitate, between organizations, institutions
and persons engaged in education and science, the further
development of exchanges of knowledge and experience as well as
of contacts, on the basis of special arrangements where these are
necessary, ...
PAGE: (a) Extension of Relations [go to this PAGE]
... concluding, where appropriate, bilateral or multilateral
agreements providing for co-operation and exchanges among State
institutions, non-governmental bodies and persons engaged in
activities in education and science, bearing in mind the need
both for flexibility and the fuller use of existing agreements
and arrangements;
...
... promoting the conclusion of direct arrangements between
universities and other institutions of higher education and
research, in the framework of agreements between governments
where appropriate;
...
PAGE: (b) Access and Exchanges [go to this PAGE]
... To improve access, under mutually acceptable conditions, for
students, teachers and scholars of the participating States to
each other's educational, cultural and scientific institutions,
and to intensify exchanges among these institutions in all areas
of common interest, in particular by: ...
... To improve access, under mutually acceptable conditions, for
students, teachers and scholars of the participating States to
each other's educational, cultural and scientific institutions,
and to intensify exchanges among these institutions in all areas
of common interest, in particular by: ...
... promoting a more exact assessment of the problems of
comparison and equivalence of academic degrees and diplomas by
fostering the exchange of information on the organization,
duration and content of studies, the comparison of methods of
assessing levels of knowledge, and academic qualifications, and,
where feasible, arriving at the mutual recognition of academic
degrees and diplomas either through governmental agreements,
where necessary, or direct arrangements between universities and
other institutions of higher learning and research;
...
PAGE: (c) Science [go to this PAGE]
... inviting scientific institutions and universities to keep
each other more fully and regularly informed about their current
and contemplated research work in fields of common interest.
To facilitate the extension of communications and direct
contacts between universities, scientific institutions and
associations as well as among scientists and research workers,
including those based where necessary on special agreements or
arrangements, by such means as:
...
... inviting scientific institutions and universities to keep
each other more fully and regularly informed about their current
and contemplated research work in fields of common interest.
To facilitate the extension of communications and direct
contacts between universities, scientific institutions and
associations as well as among scientists and research workers,
including those based where necessary on special agreements or
arrangements, by such means as:
...
... encouraging the creation of joint teams of scientists to
pursue research projects under arrangements made by the
scientific institutions of several countries;
...
... furthermore envisaging, in the near future, a "Scientific
Forum" in the form of a meeting of leading personalities in
science from the participating States to discuss interrelated
problems of common interest concerning current and future
developments in science, and to promote the expansion of
contacts, communications and the exchange of information between
scientific institutions and among scientists;
...
... foreseeing, at an early date, a meeting of experts
representing the participating States and their national
scientific institutions, in order to prepare such a "Scientific
Forum" in consultation with appropriate international
organizations, such as UNESCO and the ECE;
...
... To develop in the field of scientific research, on a
bilateral or multilateral basis, the co-ordination of programmes
carried out in the participating States and the organization of
joint programmes, especially in the areas mentioned below, which
may involve the combined efforts of scientists and in certain
cases the use of costly or unique equipment. The list of subjects
in these areas is illustrative; and specific projects would have
to be determined subsequently by the potential partners in the
participating States, taking account of the contribution which
could be made by appropriate international organizations and
scientific institutions: ...
PAGE: (d) Foreign Languages and Civilizations [go to this PAGE]
... to encourage co-operation between institutions concerned, on
a bilateral or multilateral basis, aimed at exploiting more fully
the resources of modem educational technology in language
teaching, for example through comparative studies by their
specialists and, where agreed, through exchanges or transfers of
audio-visual materials, of materials used for preparing
textbooks, as well as of information about new types of technical
equipment used for teaching languages;
...
... to encourage co-operation among experts in the field of
lexicography with the aim of defining the necessary
terminological equivalents, particularly in the scientific and
technical disciplines, in order to facilitate relations among
scientific institutions and specialists;
...
... to promote, within the framework of adult education, the
further development of specialized programmes, adapted to various
needs and interests, for teaching foreign languages to their own
inhabitants and the languages of host countries to interested
adults from other countries; in this context to encourage
interested institutions to co-operate, for example, in the
elaboration of programmes for teaching by radio and television
and by accelerated methods, and also, where desirable, in the
definition of study objectives for such programmes, with a view
to arriving at comparable levels of language proficiency;
...
PAGE: (e) Teaching Methods [go to this PAGE]
... further developing various forms of contacts and co-
operation in the different fields of pedagogical science, for
example through comparative or joint studies carried out by
interested institutions or through exchanges of information on
the results of teaching experiments;
...