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... During the opening and closing stages of the Conference the
participants were addressed by the Secretary-General of the
United Nations as their guest of honour. The Director-General of
UNESCO and the Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic
Commission for Europe addressed the Conference during its second
stage. ...
PAGE: Questions relating to Security in Europe [go to this PAGE]
... Recognizing the close link between peace and security in
Europe and in the world as a whole and conscious of the need for
each of them to make its contribution to the strengthening of
world peace and security and to the promotion of fundamental
rights, economic and social progress and well-being for all
peoples; ...
PAGE: 1. (a) Declaration on Principles Guiding Relations between Participating States [go to this PAGE]
... Declare their determination to respect and put into
practice, each of them in its relations with all other
participating States, irrespective of their political, economic
or social systems as well as of their size, geographical location
or level of economic development, the following principles, which
all are of primary significance, guiding their mutual relations: ...
... Declare their determination to respect and put into
practice, each of them in its relations with all other
participating States, irrespective of their political, economic
or social systems as well as of their size, geographical location
or level of economic development, the following principles, which
all are of primary significance, guiding their mutual relations: ...
PAGE: I. Sovereign equality, respect for the rights inherent in sovereignty [go to this PAGE]
... The participating States will respect each other's sovereign
equality and individuality as well as all the rights inherent in
and encompassed by its sovereignty, including in particular the
right of every State to juridical equality, to territorial
integrity and to freedom and political independence. They will
also respect each other's right freely to choose and develop its
political, social, economic and cultural systems as well as its
right to determine its laws and regulations. ...
PAGE: VI. Non-intervention in internal affairs [go to this PAGE]
... They will likewise in all circumstances refrain from any
other act of military, or of political, economic or other
coercion designed to subordinate to their own interest the
exercise by another participating State of the rights inherent in
its sovereignty and thus to secure advantages of any kind. ...
PAGE: VII. Respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief
[go to this PAGE]
... They will promote and encourage the effective exercise of
civil, political, economic, social, cultural and other rights and
freedoms all of which derive from the inherent dignity of the
human person and are essential for his free and full development. ...
PAGE: VIII. Equal rights and self-determination of peoples [go to this PAGE]
... By virtue of the principle of equal rights and self-
determination of peoples, all peoples always have the right, in
full freedom, to determine, when and as they wish, their internal
and external political status, without external interference, and
to pursue as they wish their political, economic, social and
cultural development. ...
PAGE: IX. Co-operation among States [go to this PAGE]
... They will endeavour, in developing their co-operation as
equals, to promote mutual understanding and confidence, friendly
and good-neighbourly relations among themselves, international
peace, security and justice. They will equally endeavour, in
developing their co-operation, to improve the well-being of
peoples and contribute to the fulfilment of their aspirations
through, inter alia, the benefits resulting from increased mutual
knowledge and from progress and achievement in the economic,
scientific, technological, social, cultural and humanitarian
fields. They will take steps to promote conditions favourable to
making these benefits available to all; they will take into
account the interest of all in the narrowing of differences in
the levels of economic development, and in particular the
interest of developing countries throughout the world. ...
... They will endeavour, in developing their co-operation as
equals, to promote mutual understanding and confidence, friendly
and good-neighbourly relations among themselves, international
peace, security and justice. They will equally endeavour, in
developing their co-operation, to improve the well-being of
peoples and contribute to the fulfilment of their aspirations
through, inter alia, the benefits resulting from increased mutual
knowledge and from progress and achievement in the economic,
scientific, technological, social, cultural and humanitarian
fields. They will take steps to promote conditions favourable to
making these benefits available to all; they will take into
account the interest of all in the narrowing of differences in
the levels of economic development, and in particular the
interest of developing countries throughout the world. ...
PAGE: (b) Matters related to giving effect to certain of the above Principles (i) (ii) [go to this PAGE]
... To refrain from any act of economic coercion designed to
subordinate to their own interest the exercise by another
participating State of the rights inherent in its
sovereignty and thus to secure advantages of any kind.
...
PAGE: Co-operation in the Field of Economics, of Science and Technology and of the Environment [go to this PAGE]
... Convinced that their efforts to develop co-operation in the
fields of trade, industry, science and technology, the
environment and other areas of economic activity contribute to
the reinforcement of peace and security in Europe and in the
world as a whole, ...
... Recognizing that co-operation in these fields would promote
economic and social progress and the improvement of the
conditions of life, ...
... Recognizing that such co-operation, with due regard for the
different levels of economic development, can be developed, on
the basis of equality and mutual satisfaction of the partners,
and of reciprocity permitting, as a whole, an equitable
distribution of advantages and obligations of comparable scale,
with respect for bilateral and multilateral agreements, ...
... Taking into account the interests of the developing
countries throughout the world, including those among the
participating countries as long as they are developing from the
economic point of view; reaffirming their will to co-operate for
the achievement of the aims and objectives established by the
appropriate bodies of the United Nations in the pertinent
documents concerning development, it being understood that each
participating State maintains the positions it has taken on them;
giving special attention to the least developed countries, ...
... Convinced that the growing world-wide economic
interdependence calls for increasing common and effective efforts
towards the solution of major world economic problems such as
food, energy, commodities, monetary and financial problems, and
therefore emphasizes the need for promoting stable and equitable
international economic relations, thus contributing to the
continuous and diversified economic development of all countries, ...
... Convinced that the growing world-wide economic
interdependence calls for increasing common and effective efforts
towards the solution of major world economic problems such as
food, energy, commodities, monetary and financial problems, and
therefore emphasizes the need for promoting stable and equitable
international economic relations, thus contributing to the
continuous and diversified economic development of all countries, ...
... Convinced that the growing world-wide economic
interdependence calls for increasing common and effective efforts
towards the solution of major world economic problems such as
food, energy, commodities, monetary and financial problems, and
therefore emphasizes the need for promoting stable and equitable
international economic relations, thus contributing to the
continuous and diversified economic development of all countries, ...
... Convinced that the growing world-wide economic
interdependence calls for increasing common and effective efforts
towards the solution of major world economic problems such as
food, energy, commodities, monetary and financial problems, and
therefore emphasizes the need for promoting stable and equitable
international economic relations, thus contributing to the
continuous and diversified economic development of all countries, ...
... Having taken into account the work already undertaken by
relevant international organizations and wishing to take
advantage of the possibilities offered by these organizations, in
particular by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe,
for giving effect to the provisions of the final documents of the
Conference, ...
... Considering that the guidelines and concrete recommendations
contained in the following texts are aimed at promoting further
development of their mutual economic relations, and convinced
that their co-operation in this field should take place in full
respect for the principles guiding relations among participating
States as set forth in the relevant document, ...
PAGE: 1. Commercial Exchanges General provisions [go to this PAGE]
... Conscious of the growing role of international trade as one
of the most important factors in economic growth and social
progress, ...
... Considering that the volume and structure of trade among the
participating States do not in all cases correspond to the
possibilities created by the current level of their economic,
scientific and technological development, ...
... are resolved to promote, on the basis of the modalities of
their economic co-operation, the expansion of their mutual trade
in goods and services, and to ensure conditions favourable to
such development; ...
... will encourage the expansion of trade on as broad a
multilateral basis as possible, thereby endeavouring to utilize
the various economic and commercial possibilities; ...
PAGE: Business contacts and facilities [go to this PAGE]
... Conscious of the importance of the contribution which an
improvement of business contacts, and the accompanying growth of
confidence in business relationships, could make to the
development of commercial and economic relations, ...
PAGE: Economic and commercial information [go to this PAGE]
... Conscious of the growing role of economic and commercial
information in the development of international trade, ...
... Considering that economic information should be of such a
nature as to allow adequate market analysis and to permit the
preparation of medium and long term forecasts, thus contributing
to the establishment of a continuing flow of trade and a better
utilization of commercial possibilities, ...
... Expressing their readiness to improve the quality and
increase the quantity and supply of economic and relevant
administrative information, ...
... will promote the publication and dissemination of economic
and commercial information at regular intervals and as quickly as
possible, in particular: ...
... information allowing forecasts of development of the economy
to assist in trade promotion, for example, information on the
general orientation of national economic plans and programmes;
...
... information allowing forecasts of development of the economy
to assist in trade promotion, for example, information on the
general orientation of national economic plans and programmes;
...
... will in addition to the above encourage the development of
the exchange of economic and commercial information through,
where appropriate, joint commissions for economic, scientific and
technical co-operation, national and joint chambers of commerce,
and other suitable bodies; ...
... will in addition to the above encourage the development of
the exchange of economic and commercial information through,
where appropriate, joint commissions for economic, scientific and
technical co-operation, national and joint chambers of commerce,
and other suitable bodies; ...
... will support a study, in the framework of the United Nations
Economic Commission for Europe, of the possibilities of creating
a multilateral system of notification of laws and regulations
concerning foreign trade and changes therein; ...
... will encourage international work on the harmonization of
statistical nomenclatures, notably in the United Nations Economic
Commission for Europe. ...
PAGE: Marketing [go to this PAGE]
... will encourage international co-operation in the field of
trade promotion, including marketing, and the work undertaken on
these subjects within the international bodies, in particular the
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. ...
PAGE: 2. Industrial co-operation and projects of common interest Industrial co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... contribute to economic growth as well as to the expansion
and diversification of international trade and to a wider
utilization of modern technology,
...
... lead to the mutually advantageous utilization of economic
complementarities through better use of all factors of
production, and
...
... note that in promoting industrial co-operation they should
bear in mind the economic structures and the development levels
of their countries; ...
... note that industrial co-operation is implemented by means of
contracts concluded between competent organizations, enterprises
and firms on the basis of economic considerations; ...
... recognize that industrial co-operation covers a number of
forms of economic relations going beyond the framework of
conventional trade, and that in concluding contracts on
industrial co-operation the partners will determine jointly the
appropriate forms and conditions of co-operation, taking into
account their mutual interests and capabilities; ...
... note the importance of economic, commercial, technical and
administrative information such as to ensure the development of
industrial co-operation; ...
... to improve the quality and the quantity of information
relevant to industrial co-operation, in particular the laws and
regulations, including those relating to foreign exchange,
general orientation of national economic plans and programmes as
well as programme priorities and economic conditions of the
market; and
...
... to improve the quality and the quantity of information
relevant to industrial co-operation, in particular the laws and
regulations, including those relating to foreign exchange,
general orientation of national economic plans and programmes as
well as programme priorities and economic conditions of the
market; and
...
... will encourage all forms of exchange of information and
communication of experience relevant to industrial co-operation,
including through contacts between potential partners and, where
appropriate, through joint commissions for economic, industrial,
scientific and technical co-operation, national and joint
chambers of commerce, and other suitable bodies; ...
... note that the provisions adopted by the Conference relating
to business contacts in the economic and commercial fields also
apply to foreign organizations, enterprises and firms engaged in
industrial co-operation, taking into account the specific
conditions of this co-operation, and will endeavour to ensure, in
particular, the existence of appropriate working conditions for
personnel engaged in the implementation of co-operation projects; ...
... consider it desirable that proposals for industrial co-
operation projects should be sufficiently specific and should
contain the necessary economic and technical data, in particular
preliminary estimates of the cost of the project information on
the form of co-operation envisaged, and market possibilities, to
enable potential partners to proceed with initial studies and to
arrive at decisions in the shortest possible time; ...
... recommend further the continued examination - for example
within the framework of the United Nations Economic Commission
for Europe - of means of improving the provision of information
to those concerned on general conditions of industrial co-
operation and guidance on the preparation of contracts in this
field; ...
... the consideration, in ways that are compatible with their
economic systems, of the needs and possibilities of industrial
co-operation within the framework of economic policy and
particularly in national economic plans and programmes;
...
... the consideration, in ways that are compatible with their
economic systems, of the needs and possibilities of industrial
co-operation within the framework of economic policy and
particularly in national economic plans and programmes;
...
... the consideration, in ways that are compatible with their
economic systems, of the needs and possibilities of industrial
co-operation within the framework of economic policy and
particularly in national economic plans and programmes;
...
PAGE: Projects of common interest [go to this PAGE]
... Considering that their economic potential and their natural
resources permit, through common efforts, long-term co-operation
in the implementation, including at the regional or sub-regional
level, of major that these may contribute to the speeding-up of
the economic development of the countries participating therein, ...
... Considering that their economic potential and their natural
resources permit, through common efforts, long-term co-operation
in the implementation, including at the regional or sub-regional
level, of major that these may contribute to the speeding-up of
the economic development of the countries participating therein, ...
... regard it as desirable that organizations, enterprises and
firms exploring the possibilities of taking part in projects of
common interest exchange with their potential partners, through
the appropriate channels, the requisite economic, legal,
financial and technical information pertaining to these projects; ...
... consider that the fields of energy resources, in particular,
petroleum, natural gas and coal, and the extraction and
processing of mineral raw materials, in particular, iron ore and
bauxite, are suitable ones for strengthening long-term economic
co-operation and for the development of trade which could result; ...
... consider that possibilities for projects of common interest
with a view to long-term economic co-operation also exist in the
following fields: ...
PAGE: Fields of co-operation Agriculture Energy New technologies, rational use of resources Transport technology Physics Chemistry
Meteorology and hydrology Oceanography Seismological research Research on glaciology, permafrost and problems of life under
conditions of cold Computer, communication and information technologies Space research Medicine and public health Environmental
research [go to this PAGE]
... Research on problems in electrochemistry and the chemistry
of polymers, of natural products, and of metals and alloys, as
well as the development of improved chemical technology,
especially materials processing; practical application of the
latest achievements of chemistry to industry, construction and
other sectors of the economy; ...
... Development of computers as well as of telecommunications
and information systems; technology associated with computers and
telecommunications, including their use for management systems,
for production processes, for automation, for the study of
economic problems, in scientific research and for the collection,
processing and dissemination of information; ...
PAGE: Forms and methods of co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... in the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, study
of possibilities for expanding multilateral co-operation, taking
into account models for projects and research used in various
international organizations; and for sponsoring conferences,
symposia, and study and working groups such as those which would
bring together younger scientists and technologists with eminent
specialists in their field;
...
PAGE: 5. Environment [go to this PAGE]
... Affirming that the protection and improvement of the
environment, as well as the protection of nature and the rational
utilization of its resources in the interests of present and
future generations, is one of the tasks of major importance to
the well-being of peoples and the economic development of all
countries and that many environmental problems, particularly in
Europe, can be solved effectively only through close
international co-operation, ...
... Affirming that experience has shown that economic
development and technological progress must be compatible with
the protection of the environment and the preservation of
historical and cultural values; that damage to the environment is
best avoided by preventive measures; and that the ecological
balance must be preserved in the exploitation and management of
natural resources. ...
PAGE: Forms and methods of co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... The participating States declare that problems relating to
the protection and improvement of the environment will be solved
on both a bilateral and a multilateral, including regional and
sub-regional, basis, making full use of existing pattern and
forms of co-operation. They will develop co-operation in the
field of the environment in particular by taking into
consideration the Stockholm Declaration on the Human Environment,
relevant resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly and
the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Prague sym-
posium on environmental problems. ...
... exchanges of scientific and technical information,
documentation and research results, including information on the
means of determining the possible effects on the environment of
technical and economic activities;
...
... advocating the inclusion, where appropriate and possible, of
the various areas of co-operation into the programmes of work of
the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, supporting
such co-operation within the framework of the Commission and of
the United Nations Environment Programme, and taking into account
the work of other competent international organizations of which
they are members;
...
... to advocate that within the framework of the United Nations
Economic Commission for Europe a study be carried out of
procedures and relevant experience relating to the activities of
Governments in developing the capabilities of their countries to
predict adequately environmental consequences of economic
activities and technological development.
...
... to advocate that within the framework of the United Nations
Economic Commission for Europe a study be carried out of
procedures and relevant experience relating to the activities of
Governments in developing the capabilities of their countries to
predict adequately environmental consequences of economic
activities and technological development.
...
PAGE: 6. Co-operation in other areas Development of transport [go to this PAGE]
... Taking into account the work being carried out on these
subjects by existing international organizations, especially by
the Inland Transport Committee of the United Nations Economic
Commission for Europe, ...
... declare themselves in favour, with due respect for their
rights and international commitments, of the elimination of
disparities arising from the legal provisions applied to traffic
on inland waterways which are subject to international
conventions and, in particular, of the disparity in the
application of those provisions; and to this end invite the
member States of the Central Commission for the Navigation of the
Rhine, of the Danube Commission and of other bodies to develop
the work and studies now being carried out, in particular within
the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe; ...
... express the desire for intensification of the work being
carried out by existing international organizations in the field
of transport, especially that of the Inland Transport Committee
of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, and express
their intention to contribute thereto by their efforts; ...
PAGE: Promotion of tourism [go to this PAGE]
... Aware of the contribution made by international tourism to
the development of mutual understanding among peoples, to
increased knowledge of other countries' achievements in various
fields, as well as to economic, social and cultural progress, ...
... Recognizing the interrelationship between the development of
tourism and measures taken in other areas of economic activity, ...
... dealing in a positive spirit with questions connected with
the allocation of financial means for tourist travel abroad,
having regard to their economic possibilities, as well as with
those connected with the formalities required for such travel,
taking into account other provisions on tourism adopted by the
Conference;
...
PAGE: Economic and social aspects of migrant labour [go to this PAGE]
... Considering that the movements of migrant workers in Europe
have reached substantial proportions, and that they constitute an
important economic, social and human factor for host countries as
well as for countries of origin, ...
... Recognizing that workers' migrations have also given rise to
a number of economic, social, human and other problems in both
the receiving countries and the countries of origin, ...
... are of the opinion that the problems arising bilaterally
from the migration of workers in Europe as well as between the
participating States should be dealt with by the parties directly
concerned, in order to resolve these problems in their mutual
interest, in the light of the concern of each State involved to
take due account of the requirements resulting from its socio-
economic situation, having regard to the obligation of each State
to comply with the bilateral and multilateral agreements to which
it is party, and with the following aims in view: ...
... to encourage the efforts of the countries of origin directed
towards increasing the possibilities of employment for their
nationals in their own territories, in particular by developing
economic co-operation appropriate for this purpose and suitable
for the host countries and the countries of origin concerned; ...
... to regard with favour the efforts of the countries of origin
to attract the savings of migrant workers, with a view to
increasing, within the framework of their economic development,
appropriate opportunities for employment, thereby facilitating
the reintegration of these workers on their return home. ...
PAGE: Training of personnel [go to this PAGE]
... Conscious of the importance of the training and advanced
training of professional staff and technicians for the economic
development of every country, ...
... declare themselves willing to encourage co-operation in this
field notably by promoting exchange of information on the subject
of institutions, programmes and methods of training and advanced
training open to professional staff and technicians in the
various sectors of economic activity and especially in those of
management, public planning, agriculture and commercial and
banking techniques; ...
PAGE: Questions relating to Security and Co-operation in the Mediterranean [go to this PAGE]
... Conscious of the geographical, historical, cultural,
economic and political aspects of their relationship with the
non-participating Mediterranean States, ...
... Recognizing the importance of their mutual economic
relations with the nonparticipating Mediterranean States, and
conscious of their common interest in the further development of
co-operation, ...
... to encourage with the non-participating Mediterranean States
the development of mutually beneficial co-operation in the
various fields of economic activity, especially by expanding
commercial exchanges, on the basis of a common awareness of the
necessity for stability and progress in trade relations, of their
mutual economic interests, and of differences in the levels of
economic development, thereby promoting their economic
advancement and well-being;
...
... to encourage with the non-participating Mediterranean States
the development of mutually beneficial co-operation in the
various fields of economic activity, especially by expanding
commercial exchanges, on the basis of a common awareness of the
necessity for stability and progress in trade relations, of their
mutual economic interests, and of differences in the levels of
economic development, thereby promoting their economic
advancement and well-being;
...
... to encourage with the non-participating Mediterranean States
the development of mutually beneficial co-operation in the
various fields of economic activity, especially by expanding
commercial exchanges, on the basis of a common awareness of the
necessity for stability and progress in trade relations, of their
mutual economic interests, and of differences in the levels of
economic development, thereby promoting their economic
advancement and well-being;
...
... to encourage with the non-participating Mediterranean States
the development of mutually beneficial co-operation in the
various fields of economic activity, especially by expanding
commercial exchanges, on the basis of a common awareness of the
necessity for stability and progress in trade relations, of their
mutual economic interests, and of differences in the levels of
economic development, thereby promoting their economic
advancement and well-being;
...
... to contribute to a diversified development of the economies
of the non-participating Mediterranean countries, whilst taking
due account of their national development objectives, and to
cooperate with them, especially in the sectors of industry,
science and technology, in their efforts to achieve a better
utilization of their resources, thus promoting a more harmonious
development of economic relations;
...
PAGE: Co-operation in Humanitarian and Other Fields [go to this PAGE]
... Determined therefore to co-operate among themselves,
irrespective of their political, economic and social systems, in
order to create better conditions in the above fields, to develop
and strengthen existing forms of co-operation and to work out new
ways and means appropriate to these aims, ...
PAGE: Fields and Forms of Co-operation [go to this PAGE]
... periodic meetings of experts of the interested parties to
elaborate the necessary proposals, while bearing in mind
the need to consider these questions in a wider social
and economic context;
...
PAGE: (c) Science [go to this PAGE]
... the humanities and social sciences, such as history,
geography, philosophy, psychology, pedagogical research,
linguistics, sociology, the legal, political and economic
sciences; comparative studies on social, socio-economic and
cultural phenomena which are of common interest to the
participating States, especially the problems of human
environment and urban development; and scientific studies on the
methods of conserving and restoring monuments and works of art.
...
... the humanities and social sciences, such as history,
geography, philosophy, psychology, pedagogical research,
linguistics, sociology, the legal, political and economic
sciences; comparative studies on social, socio-economic and
cultural phenomena which are of common interest to the
participating States, especially the problems of human
environment and urban development; and scientific studies on the
methods of conserving and restoring monuments and works of art.
...
PAGE: (e) Teaching Methods [go to this PAGE]
... facilitating exchanges of experience concerning the
organization and functioning of education intended for adults and
recurrent education, the relationships between these and other
forms and levels of education, as well as concerning the means of
adapting education, including vocational and technical training,
to the needs of economic and social development in their
countries;
...
PAGE: Follow-up to the Conference [go to this PAGE]
... (c) multilaterally, by meetings of experts of the participating
States, and also within the framework of existing international
organizations, such as