Law-ref.org Convention on Biological Diversity
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ARTICLE-2: Use of Terms     [go to this ARTICLE]
... "Protected area" means a geographically defined area which is designated or regulated and managed to achieve specific conservation objectives. ...
... "Protected area" means a geographically defined area which is designated or regulated and managed to achieve specific conservation objectives. ...


ARTICLE-3: Principle     [go to this ARTICLE]
... States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental policies, and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. ...


ARTICLE-4: Juridictional Scope     [go to this ARTICLE]
... (a) In the case of components of biological diversity, in areas within the limits of its national jurisdiction; and ...
... (b) In the case of processes and activities, regardless of where their effects occur, carried out under its jurisdiction or control, within the area of its national jurisdiction or beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. ...


ARTICLE-5: Cooperation     [go to this ARTICLE]
... Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate, cooperate with other Contracting Parties, directly or, where appropriate, through competent international organizations, in respect of areas beyond national jurisdiction and on other matters of mutual interest, for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. ...


ARTICLE-8: In-situ Conservation     [go to this ARTICLE]
... (a) Establish a system of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity; ...
... (a) Establish a system of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity; ...
... (b) Develop, where necessary, guidelines for the selection, establishment and management of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity; ...
... (b) Develop, where necessary, guidelines for the selection, establishment and management of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity; ...
... (c) Regulate or manage biological resources important for the conservation of biological diversity whether within or outside protected areas, with a view to ensuring their conservation and sustainable use; ...
... (e) Promote environmentally sound and sustainable development in areas adjacent to protected areas with a view to furthering protection of these areas; ...
... (e) Promote environmentally sound and sustainable development in areas adjacent to protected areas with a view to furthering protection of these areas; ...
... (e) Promote environmentally sound and sustainable development in areas adjacent to protected areas with a view to furthering protection of these areas; ...


ARTICLE-10: Sustainable Use of Components of Biological Diversity     [go to this ARTICLE]
... (d) Support local populations to develop and implement remedial action in degraded areas where biological diversity has been reduced; and ...


ARTICLE-14: Impact Assessment and Minimizing Adverse Impacts     [go to this ARTICLE]
... (c) Promote, on the basis of reciprocity, notification, exchange of information and consultation on activities under their jurisdiction or control which are likely to significantly affect adversely the biological diversity of other States or areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, by encouraging the conclusion of bilateral, regional or multilateral arrangements, as appropriate; ...
... (d) In the case of imminent or grave danger or damage, originating under its jurisdiction or control, to biological diversity within the area under jurisdiction of other States or in areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, notify immediately the potentially affected States of such danger or damage, as well as initiate action to prevent or minimize such danger or damage; and ...
... (d) In the case of imminent or grave danger or damage, originating under its jurisdiction or control, to biological diversity within the area under jurisdiction of other States or in areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, notify immediately the potentially affected States of such danger or damage, as well as initiate action to prevent or minimize such danger or damage; and ...


ARTICLE-20: Financial Resources     [go to this ARTICLE]
... 7. Consideration shall also be given to the special situation of developing countries, including those that are most environmentally vulnerable, such as those with arid and semi- arid zones, coastal and mountainous areas. ...